Description AC7-01: Difference between revisions
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regional deposition in the airways, which can assist in the design and optimization of | regional deposition in the airways, which can assist in the design and optimization of | ||
inhalation therapies, will be provided. | inhalation therapies, will be provided. | ||
In the current application Challenge, the ''in vitro'' deposition measurements have been | In the current application Challenge, the ''in vitro'' deposition measurements have been | ||
conducted in a human—based model of the upper airways, shown in figure 3, using positron | conducted in a human—based model of the upper airways, shown in figure 3, using positron | ||
emission tomography (PET). The experiments were performed at steady—state inhalation | emission tomography (PET). The experiments were performed at steady—state inhalation | ||
with flow rates of | with flow rates of 15, 30 and 60 L/min. The flow conditions at these flowrates are in the | ||
transitional | transitional to turbulent regime. The CFD simulations were carried out in the same geom— | ||
etry and under the same ventilation conditions. Two sets of simulations were performed: | etry and under the same ventilation conditions. Two sets of simulations were performed: | ||
Large Eddy Simulations using the dynamic version of the | Large Eddy Simulations using the dynamic version of the Smagorinsky-Lilly subgrid scale | ||
model and RANS simulations using the | model and RANS simulations using the k-ω-SST model. In both methods, the Lagrangian | ||
approach has been adopted to track spherical particles in the airway geometry and | approach has been adopted to track spherical particles in the airway geometry and | ||
determine regional deposition patterns. The methods and results described in the present | |||
Application Challenge are mainly adopted from Lizal et al. (2012) (experimental part) and | Application Challenge are mainly adopted from Lizal ''et al.'' (2012) | ||
Koullapis et al. (2018) (numerical part) | (experimental part) and Koullapis ''et al.'' (2018) (numerical part) | ||
<br/> | <br/> | ||
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Revision as of 10:06, 2 October 2019
Aerosol deposition in the human upper airways
Application Challenge AC7-01 © copyright ERCOFTAC 2019
Description
Introduction
The objective of the current application Challenge is to present a benchmark case that can be used for the validation of computational tools intended for regional deposition studies in the upper airways. In the present application Challenge, in vitro deposition measurements in a complex realistic geometry are provided at various inhalation flow rates. CFD results are then compared against the measured data. Since deposition in the upper airways is determined by the airflow features, a second application Challenge will follow where airflow measurements using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) are reported in the same geometry. These will again be compared against the LES and RANS predictions. In this manner, a complete benchmark case for the validation of computational packages intended for deposition predictions in the upper airways will be established and made available to the wider community. Furthermore, best practice guidelines for numerical predictions of regional deposition in the airways, which can assist in the design and optimization of inhalation therapies, will be provided.
In the current application Challenge, the in vitro deposition measurements have been
conducted in a human—based model of the upper airways, shown in figure 3, using positron
emission tomography (PET). The experiments were performed at steady—state inhalation
with flow rates of 15, 30 and 60 L/min. The flow conditions at these flowrates are in the
transitional to turbulent regime. The CFD simulations were carried out in the same geom—
etry and under the same ventilation conditions. Two sets of simulations were performed:
Large Eddy Simulations using the dynamic version of the Smagorinsky-Lilly subgrid scale
model and RANS simulations using the k-ω-SST model. In both methods, the Lagrangian
approach has been adopted to track spherical particles in the airway geometry and
determine regional deposition patterns. The methods and results described in the present
Application Challenge are mainly adopted from Lizal et al. (2012)
(experimental part) and Koullapis et al. (2018) (numerical part)
Contributed by: *** — ***
© copyright ERCOFTAC 2019